Maximum ST was 17.3, 13.9 and 13.6☌ at 2, 10 and 20 cm, respectively under ZT + R, on 85 DAS while it was 18.1, 14.6 and 14.1☌, respectively under CT + R treatment. ![]() It was observed that maximum soil temperature (ST) was under CT + R than ZT + R. Simultaneously, soil moisture content at 0-5, 5-15 and 15-25 cm were measured by gravimetric method to compute heat parameters. Soil temperature was observed at 2, 10 and 20 cm soil depths at 2 h interval using platinum resistance digital soil thermometer during three simulation periods, 33-52, 77-93, 106-125 days after sowing (DAS). zero tillage with residue retention (ZT + R) and conventional tillage with residue incorporation (CT + R), were followed. An experiment was conducted in the long-term CA condition to compare soil hydrothermal environment with conventional agriculture under wheat crop. Although conservation agriculture (CA) practices are being promoted, there is insufficient information on how these activities affect soil thermal regimes.
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